SAT Support Kit, Module 3 of 8

Main Idea, Inferences, and Evidence

Find the main idea, make inferences that stay within the text, and choose the evidence that proves a claim.

1

Start here

5 minutes

Goal: find the main idea, make inferences that stay within the text, and choose the evidence that proves a claim.

Help: do all of this alone or with your family. You do not need a tutor or teacher. The Forms score your answers, and the answer key explains every choice.

How it works: work down the page in order. When you reach a Stop here line, you are done for that day.

Get these ready:

  • Your tracker Make one copy the first time. Use the same copy for every module.
  • The answer key. Keep it closed until a step tells you to open it.
  • Paper and a pencil, and a timer.

Why it is built this way: a major review of study methods rated practice testing and spacing your study over time as the two most useful methods.

Your study plan
WhenWhat to doTime
Sitting 1Try First Check, Part 1, then Game 130 minutes
Sitting 2, two or three days laterReplay Game 1, then Parts 2 to 4, then Game 230 minutes
Sitting 3, about a week after Sitting 1Replay Game 2, then Game 3, Part 5, and the Exit Check30 minutes
Return day, one to two weeks laterReplay one game, then retake the Exit Check15 minutes
If you get stuck
  1. Read the explanation in your Form results or the answer key.
  2. Open the video or lesson for that skill.
  3. Try the Practice link for that skill.
  4. Still stuck? Add the question to the My Mistakes tab, keep going, and try it again at your next sitting.
Doing this with your family

A family member does not need to know the answers. They can run the timer, read the game items out loud, and ask, "Which words in the text prove that?"

2

Sitting 1

about 30 minutes

Try first (about 5 minutes)

Answer all 5 questions before you read anything below. Mark how sure you are on each one. It is fine to miss some, because trying first helps you remember the answers later. When you submit, choose View score and read why each answer is right or wrong. Write your score on the My Scores tab of your tracker.

Answer here: Try First Check

Trouble with the box? Open it in its own tab.

Got 5 out of 5? Skip Part 1 and go to Game 1.

Part 1: Main idea

A main-idea question asks what the whole text is about, in one sentence. Every sentence in the text should fit under it.

The four steps

  1. Read the whole text. Do not stop at the first sentence.
  2. Say the main idea in one short sentence. Use the pattern: who or what, plus what happens or what is said.
  3. Match it. Choose the answer closest to your sentence.
  4. Test it. Does every sentence of the text fit under your choice? If one does not, it is too narrow.

How wrong answers fool you

TrapWhat it means
Too narrowIt is true, but it covers only one detail.
Too broadIt is bigger than the text. The text does not make this large a point.
Too farIt goes beyond what the text supports.
Not in the textThe text never says this.
OppositeIt says the reverse of what the text says.

Half-solved example

Text. Bamboo grows faster than almost any other plant. Some kinds grow more than a foot in a single day. Builders in several countries now use it for floors and scaffolding because it is strong and replaces itself quickly.

StepWhat you think
Read the whole text.Three sentences: it grows fast, how fast, and how builders use it.
Say the main idea.Bamboo grows very fast, and builders use it because ...

Your turn: finish the sentence in your own words. Then check the Worked Example section of the answer key.

Khan Academy: central ideas and details worked exampleOpens on Khan Academy.

Game 1: Name the Trap

Read the text, then name how the wrong choice fools you. Set the timer for 3 minutes, or play without it. Choose an answer for each item, then press Check.

3:00

Stop here. Come back in two or three days.
3

Sitting 2

about 30 minutes

Replay Game 1 and try to beat your score.

Part 2: Inferences and evidence

An inference question asks what must be true, or is likely true, based only on the text. An evidence question asks which fact or quotation proves a claim.

Inferences: four steps

  1. List the facts. Write each fact in a few words.
  2. Ask: what do these facts point to? Say your own ending.
  3. Match it. Choose the answer that stays within the facts. Careful words such as likely, may, and suggests are good signs.
  4. Check for extra claims. Words such as always, never, only, and proved usually go too far.

Evidence: four steps

  1. Write the claim in five words or fewer.
  2. Ask what would prove it. A number? A comparison? A quotation?
  3. Check each choice. Does it prove those exact words, or is it only on the same topic?
  4. Choose the choice that proves the claim, not the one that sounds related.

Quick checks

QuestionAsk yourself
Is this an inference?Could someone point to a fact in the text for every part of my answer?
Is this evidence?If this were the only thing I knew, would I believe the claim?
Am I unsure between two choices?Which one adds something the text never said? Cross that one out.
Khan Academy: inferences worked exampleOpens on Khan Academy.
Khan Academy: command of evidence (textual) videoOpens on Khan Academy.

Part 3: Practice set (about 12 minutes)

These are original practice questions. The Form asks how sure you are on each one, scores your answers, and explains every choice.

Answer here: Practice Set

Trouble with the box? Open it in its own tab.

Prefer paper? Open the printable module doc and answer there.

Part 4: Check, explain, and fix

Read the explanation for every choice, including the questions you got right. Write your score on the My Scores tab of your tracker. For each question you missed or rated 1 or 2, add a row on the My Mistakes tab. Each explanation names the sticking point to choose. Leave the Trap column blank for now.

Game 2: Must It Be True?

Read the text, then decide how the statement relates to it. Set the timer for 3 minutes, or play without it. Choose an answer for each item, then press Check.

3:00

Stop here. Come back about a week after Sitting 1.
4

Sitting 3

about 30 minutes

Replay Game 2 and try to beat your score.

Game 3: Does It Prove It?

Read the claim, then decide whether the evidence supports it. Set the timer for 3 minutes, or play without it. Choose an answer for each item, then press Check.

3:00

With a family member or friend: Take turns. One person reads a claim and a line of evidence, and the other says whether it proves the claim and why.

Part 5: Official practice (about 10 minutes)

  1. Open the Student Question Bank and sign in with your own free College Board student account. If you do not have one, create one on the sign-in page.
  2. Set the filters in the table below. Answer 5 questions. Add each one you miss to the My Mistakes tab.
Sticking pointDomainSkillDifficulty
Main ideaInformation and IdeasCentral Ideas and DetailsEasy
InferencesInformation and IdeasInferencesEasy
Evidence from a textInformation and IdeasCommand of EvidenceEasy

No account, or the Question Bank will not open? Use the Practice links: central ideas and details; inferences; command of textual evidence, or the Khan Academy SAT Reading and Writing course.

Exit Check (about 5 minutes)

Answer all 5 questions without your notes. When you submit, choose View score and read why each answer is right or wrong. Write your score on the My Scores tab of your tracker. Add any question you missed to the My Mistakes tab.

Answer here: Exit Check

Trouble with the box? Open it in its own tab.

4 or 5 right: you are ready for your return day. 3 or fewer right: replay Game 3 and reread Parts 1 and 2 before your return day.

Set your return date. Pick a date one to two weeks from today. Write it on the Next Step tab of your tracker and on your calendar.

Stop here. Come back on your return date.
5

Return day

about 15 minutes
  1. Replay the game that felt hardest.
  2. Retake the Exit Check without your notes.
  3. Write your score on the My Scores tab and compare it with your first try.

4 or 5 right: go to Module 4. 3 or fewer right: open the help for the questions you missed, then retake the Exit Check in a few days.

Timed practice

When you can, use the Student Question Bank: Information and Ideas, Central Ideas and Details, Inferences, and Command of Evidence, Medium. Answer 10 questions in 12 minutes. Add each miss to My Mistakes.

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